Umehluko phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone ne-silicone

Irabha ye-silicone isetshenziswa kakhulu, kodwa abanye abantu bangase bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone nejeli ye-silica, futhi igama alikanqunywa.Namuhla, umhleli uzobhekisisa umehluko kanye nezigaba phakathi kwe-silicone nerabha ye-silicone.Njengamanje, umqondo wegama elithi "silicone" awunqunyelwe.Kuze kube manje, alikho igama elichazwe kahle.Uma uzwa igama elithi “silica gel”, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ijeli ye-silica noma irabha yokwenziwa equkethe i-silicone, noma ijeli ye-silica ye-inorganic noma ijeli ye-silica ephilayo ekuhlaziyeni kokugcina.

"Ijeli ye-silica" kubhekiselwa kuyo ngamagama amaningana ahlobene njengerabha ye-silicone, irabha ye-silicone, ne-silicone.Ubudlelwano phakathi kwerabha ye-silicone nejeli ye-silica buhlukile kunerabha ye-silicone futhi buhlanganisa irabha ye-silicone.Irabha ye-Silicone iyi-organic "silica gel" ye "silica gel".Igama elithi "Silicone" yigama elisetshenziswa eHong Kong naseTaiwan.Ibizwa ngokuthi "i-silicone" ezweni laseChina.I-Silicone ne-Silicone ukuhumusha kwe-English silicone.Ngokuvamile kuthiwa libuye lisho "i-silicone".

Kafushane, ijeli ye-silica ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili, ijeli ye-silica ephilayo kanye nejeli ye-silica ye-inorganic, ngokuya ngezakhiwo nokwakheka kwayo.Okokuqala, ngizochaza ngerabha ye-silicone.

1. Ukusebenza kwerabha ye-Silicone kanye nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe

Irabha ye-Silicone yisigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke nesisetshenziswa kakhulu semikhiqizo ye-silicone.Ngemuva kwe-vulcanization, irabha ye-silicone inokumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukuxosha amanzi, ukufakwa kukagesi, kanye ne-inertiological physiological.

Izakhiwo Ezibalulekile Nezicelo Zemikhiqizo Yerabha Ye-Silicone: Ngokuya ngokushisa kwayo kwe-vulcanization, irabha ye-silicone ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ukushisa okuphezulu (okushisiwe) ukuvuthwa kwe-vulcanization kanye ne-vulcanization yegumbi.Irabha enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwenzeni imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yerabha ye-silicone, kuyilapho irabha yezinga lokushisa legumbi isetshenziswa kakhulu njengezinamatheliso, izinto zokubumba kanye nezibunji.

Irabha ye-silicone eshisayo (HTV)

I-Heat vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV) yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu semikhiqizo ye-silicone, futhi irabha ye-methyl vinyl silicone (VMQ) iyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu se-HTV evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi irabha lokushisa eliphezulu.Irabha ye-silicone ye-methyl vinyl (irabha eluhlaza) ayinambala, ayinaphunga, ayinabuthi futhi ayinakho ukungcola kwemishini.Irabha eluhlaza ixubene neziqinisi ezifanele, izilawuli zesakhiwo, ama-vulcanizers nezinye izithasiselo njengoba kudingeka.Ukuhlanzwa, ukushisisa, ukuminyanisa noma ukukhipha, okulandelwa yizinyathelo ezimbili ze-vulcanization emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene.Imikhiqizo yayo ine-insulation kagesi enhle kakhulu, ukumelana okuqinile nama-arcs, ama-corona, nezinhlansi, ukungena kwamanzi, ubufakazi bomswakama, ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nomthelela, inertia ye-physiological, ukuphefumula kanye nezinye izakhiwo.Isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokundiza, i-instrumentation, i-electronics kanye nemishini, ukuhamba, i-metallurgy, imishini, izimoto, ezokwelapha nempilo, kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izindandatho zophawu, ama-gaskets, amashubhu, nezintambo zomumo ohlukahlukene.Izitho zomuntu, imithambo yegazi, ulwelwesi oluphefumulayo kanye nokubunjwa kwenjoloba, ama-ejenti okukhululwa kwesikhunta ukuze kukhishwe ukunemba, njll.

Ithempelesha yegumbi i-vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV)

Irabha ye-silicone ye-RTV ngokuvamile inezigaba ezimbili: uhlobo olujiyile kanye nohlobo lokungezelela."I-adhesive-hlobo lokunamathisela lokushisa kwegumbi isekelwe ku-polysiloxane ewumugqa eneqembu le-vinyl, isebenzisa i-siloxane equkethe i-hydrogen njenge-ejenti exhumanisa, futhi ibhekana nokusabela okuxhumanisa phakathi kwezinga lokushisa elilingana nezinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo lapho kukhona i-catalyst ukuze ibe i-elastomer.Inomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuxosha amanzi kanye nokufakwa kukagesi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, inezici ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nemishini njengamandla aqinile, ukunwetshwa okulinganiselwe, namandla okudabula ngenxa yokwethulwa kwamaqembu asebenzayo.I-radiation sulphurization kanye nokwengezwa kwe-peroxide.Ifanele izindlela ezihlukahlukene ze-sulfurization ezifana ne-sulfurization kanye ne-addition molding sulfurization, futhi isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nomswakama, ukufakwa kukagesi, kanye nemikhiqizo yerabha ye-silicone enamandla kakhulu.

Irabha ye-silicone yohlobo lwe-Condensation-izinga lokushisa legumbi elicijile ibonakala ngokusabela kokujiya phakathi kwe-silicone hydroxyl nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo, futhi ixhunywe ngokuphambana kuzinga lokushisa legumbi ukuze yakhe i-elastomer.Imikhiqizo ihlukaniswe yaba ukupakishwa kwengxenye eyodwa kanye nokupakishwa kwezingxenye ezimbili.umumo.Irabha ye-silicone enengxenye eyodwa (i-RTV-1 ngamafuphi) ingenye yemikhiqizo eyinhloko yerabha ejiyile ye-silicone.Ivamise ukwakhiwa kusuka kuma-polymers ayisisekelo, ama-crosslinkers, ama-catalysts, ama-fillers kanye nezithasiselo.Umkhiqizo ulula kakhulu ngoba upakishwa epayipini elivaliwe, ukhanywe ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, uvezwe emoyeni bese ufakwa ku-elastomer.Umkhiqizo owenziwe nge-vulcanized ungasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ebangeni lokushisa (-60 kuya + 200 ° C), unokufakwa okuhle kakhulu kukagesi nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali, unamanzi amahle kakhulu, i-ozone, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, futhi unokunamathela okuhle kakhulu izinsimbi ezihlukahlukene.ukwanda.Nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi.Ukufinyeleleka.Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumboza izingxenye ezahlukene ze-elekthronikhi nezinto zokusebenza zikagesi, futhi idlala indima yokufaka umswakama, ubufakazi bomswakama, ukumelana nomthelela, izinto zokuvikela indawo yamadivayisi we-semiconductor, isigcwalisi sokutywina, kanye ne-elastic adhesive.

Irabha ye-silicone enezingxenye ezimbili zokushisa kwegumbi (i-RTV-2 ngamafuphi) ayilula njengerabha ye-RTV-1, kodwa inezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene zezingxenye.Imikhiqizo eyenziwe vulcanized enezicaciso nezici eziningi ingatholwa ngohlobo olulodwa.Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kabanzi njengento yokufaka, ukufaka i-encapsulation, i-caulking, ukufaka uphawu, ukufakazela umswakama, ukufakazela ukudlidliza, nokukhiqiza ama-roller ezimbonini ezifana nemishini kagesi, izimoto, imishini, ukwakhiwa, izindwangu, amakhemikhali kanye nomkhakha wokukhanya., Ukuphrinta njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi i-RTV-2 inokukhululeka okuhle kakhulu kwesikhunta, isetshenziswa kabanzi njengento yokubumba ethambile yokuphindaphinda nokukhiqiza izakhiwo zamasiko, imisebenzi yezandla, amathoyizi, izinto zikagesi, nezingxenye zomshini.

Enye yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokusebenzisa ama-silicone sealants izindonga zamakhethini engilazi.Amafreyimu engilazi kanye ne-aluminium alloy anamathiselwe nge-organic silicon adhesive njengezinto zezindonga zangaphandle, amalunga e-telescopic awangeni manzi futhi avaliwe nge-organic silicon weathering adhesive.Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zihlanganisa iminyango namafasitela e-aluminium alloy, iminyango yensimbi yepulasitiki kanye nokuvalwa kwefasitela, ukufaka ingilazi nokuhlanganisa ama-groove ahambayo, i-rivet kanye ne-fixing screw sealing: i-sanitary ware kanye ne-countertops, izimpawu ezingangeni manzi phakathi kwezindonga, amakhishi, ifenisha yokugezela, izindawo zokuhlala, uphahla, insimbi. uphahla, imibukiso, izinto zokubala, amaphaneli odonga, amapuleti ensimbi anombala.Isetshenziselwa ama-caulking seal angangeni manzi phakathi kwamapuleti omgwaqo onguthelawayeka.

Ngokungeziwe kuma-sealant okwakha, i-RTV ihlanganisa izinto zokuvala ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana ne-aerospace, izitshalo zamandla enuzi, izinto zikagesi, imishini, nezimoto, izinto zokubumba ze-silicone ezisetshenziselwa ukubumba izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, nezinto zokubumba ezithambile.Kufaka izinamathiselo zesikhunta se-silicone ezisetshenzisiwe... Isidingo salezi zinhlobonhlobo siphansi, kodwa ezimweni eziningi zibalulekile.

Ijeli ye-silica engaphili (ijeli ye-silica)

Ijeli ye-silica ye-Inorganic iyi-adsorbent esebenza kakhulu, evame ukulungiswa ngokuphendula i-sodium silicate ne-sulfuric acid futhi ibhekana nochungechunge lwezinqubo zangemuva kokwelashwa ezifana nokuguga nokukhipha amagwebu e-asidi.Ijeli ye-silica iyinto e-amorphous futhi ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali yi-mSiO2.nH2O.Ayincibiliki emanzini nasezincibilikisini, ayinabo ubuthi, ayinambitheki, izinzile kumakhemikhali, futhi ayisabelani nezinye izinto ngaphandle kwama-alkali aqinile ne-hydrofluoric acid.Izinhlobo ezahlukene zejeli ye-silica zenziwa ngendlela ehlukile futhi zakha izakhiwo ezihlukene ze-microporous.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye ne-physics yejeli ye-silica inquma ukuthi inezinto eziningi okunzima ukuzishintsha nezinye izinto ezifanayo: ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-adsorption, ukuqina okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, ikhemistri ezinzile, kanye nekhemistri ezinzile.Amandla aphezulu emishini.Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali, isetshenziswa ekwenzeni izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo ye-silicone njengezigxivizo ze-silicone, izigxivizo ze-silicone nezitsha zasekhishini ze-silicone.

Ijeli ye-silica ihlukaniswe ijeli ye-silica e-macroporous, ijeli ye-silika ye-course pore, ijeli ye-silica ye-B, kanye nejeli ye-silica ye-pore enhle ngokuya ngosayizi we-pore diameter.Ngenxa yomehluko wesakhiwo sezimbotshana, izici ze-adsorption zinezici ezihlukile.Ijeli ye-silica ye-coarse-pore inamandla okukhangisa aphezulu lapho umswakamo ohlobene uphezulu, futhi ijeli ye-silica embobozelayo inamandla okukhangisa kunejeli ye-silica ye-coarse-pore uma umswakama ohlobene uphansi.Ijeli ye-silica yohlobo B iphakathi kwezimbotshana ezimahhadla nezicolekileyo, futhi inani le-adsorption nalo liphakathi kwezimbotshana ezimahhadla nezicolekileyo.Ijeli ye-silika ye-macroporous ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesithwali se-catalyst, i-matting agent, umuthi wokuxubha kanye ne-abrasive.

Izigaba zomkhiqizo, izici zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha zejeli ye-silica, izinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone, nezinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha eziwuketshezi ze-silicone zihlukile.Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa kanye nokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-silica gel impahla eluhlaza kanye nerabha ye-silicone ewuketshezi kuhlukile.Izinto zokusetshenziswa zijwayelekile futhi ungathola, uphenye futhi uhlole okwengeziwe.Funda ngejeli ye-silica.

I-silicon resin isetshenziswa kakhulu njengopende ovikelayo (okuhlanganisa ukuvanisha, koqweqwe lwawo, upende onemibala, ukuvenisha, njll.), kufakwe ama-motor e-H-class namakhoyili we-transformer, futhi kufakwe ngendwangu yengilazi, usilika wendwangu yengilazi, nendwangu ye-asbestos.Senza amakhava ezimoto kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi.Sicela ulinde i-insulated winding.

Izinhlayiya ze-silicone ziyi-anticorrosion ukumelana nokushisa nesimo sezulu, izambatho zokuzivikela zensimbi, izigqoko zokuvikela amanzi kanye nomswakama wamaphrojekthi wokwakha, ama-release agents, ama-adhesives, nokucutshungulwa kwesibili kumapulasitiki a-silicone ukuze asetshenziswe ku-electronics, ugesi nokuzivikela.Ingasetshenziswa njenge.imboni.Izinto zokupakisha ze-semiconductor nezinto zokuvikela ezifana nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.

Izinhlayiya ze-Silicone ziyizinto ezivikela ukushisa nokucindezela ukumelana nokushisa, okokuvikela kwensimbi, okokuvikela amanzi kanye nomswakama kumaphrojekthi wokwakha, ama-ejenti akhulula isikhunta, izinto zokunamathisela, nezinto zikagesi, imikhiqizo kagesi, nezimboni zokuvikela.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ze-silicone, ama-silicone resins anezinhlobonhlobo ezincane kanye nesabelo semakethe esincane.

Lapho i-silicone resin ehlanzekile noma i-silicone resin eguquliwe isetshenziswa njengesisekelo, upende wesiliva oqukethe i-aluminium powder ungasetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa angama-400-450 ° C ngisho no-600 ° C. futhi ububanzi be-wavelength be-solar spectrum bungu-300 nm noma ngaphezulu, kodwa ama-silicone resins amunca ngaphansi kuka-280 nm.

I-Hydrolysis yama-silicone resins ngokuvamile iqukethe ama-monomers amabili noma ngaphezulu anamazinga ahlukene e-hydrolysis futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukushelela umehluko kumazinga we-hydrolysis yama-silane ahlukene kanye nokufeza izimo ezifanayo ze-co-hydrolysis., I-Hydrolysis kanye nokubola kotshwala kwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.